It seems to be taken for granted that John Edwards had some stranglehold on the working class white vote. But this was not really the case. The working class vote was not a particular strength of John Edwards in either relative or absolute terms.
Following is a summary of some key exit polling metrics from among the five states in which John Edwards competed (using the term 'competed' liberally in the case of Florida).
A couple of things to call your attention to.
Firstly, John Edwards actually performed slightly better among voters making more than $50,000 per year than among those making less.
Secondly, while we only have this data available in three states, there was no real difference in the education levels of Edwards supporters.
Thirdly, in every state where we have data available, Barack Obama performed significantly better than Edwards among voters making less than $50,000 per year, and among voters who did not attend college. This held true in racially mixed states like Florida, as well as extremely white states like Iowa and New Hampshire.
Fourthly, in every state where we have data available, Hillary Clinton performed significantly better than Edwards among voters making less than $50,000 per year, and among voters who did not attend college.
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To the extent that Edwards had a demographic base, it was not determined by class lines but rather by geography: Edwards performed better in rural areas than he did in the suburbs, and better in suburbs than he did in the cities. But really, John Edwards didn't quite have a base: there was no commonly-identified demographic group amongst which he had a plurality, yet alone a majority of the Democratic vote.
This is not to disparage John Edwards. He had the misfortune of running against two All-Star level candidates who would probably have had the stage to themselves in any other year. To the extent he had a strength, it was among rural voters, and that could be helpful to Barack Obama in Kentucky, which among other things is quite rural.
But it sort of throws cold water on the notion that there's something about Barack Obama -- and particularly something about Barack Obama's race -- that makes working-class whites loathe to support him. (True, Obama performs poorly among certain types of working-class whites, like those in Appalachia and in much of the South. But he's doing just fine in Oregon, which is also full of working-class whites.) Rather, it's more likely that there's something about Hillary Clinton that makes these voters want to support her.
There is no absolute measuring stick against which to gauge a candidate's performance with a particular demographic. If Hillary Clinton had run against John F. Kennedy, she would have gotten her ass kicked among New England Catholics. Does that mean that Hillary Clinton would have had a Catholic problem?
5.15.2008
Among working class whites, Clinton kicked Edwards' ass too
by Nate Silver @ 1:20 AM...see also clinton, demographics, endorsements
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9 comments
Great post!
Edwards always sort of struck me as the sort of candidate that middle class people thought working class people would like more than a candidate who is really popular with working class people. Edwards does fine with lower income and less educated voters, but his support isn't particularly tilted in that direction and wasn't in most states in 2004 either. Dispite this, his campaign seems to have convinced the media otherwise.
I do suspect that Edwards is far more popular in the south and maybe in the interior west as well. But this isn't a class issue.
I sure hope that Clinton would kick the ass of a candidate who had left the race sixteen weeks prior.
Excellent points... however, given the fact that Edwards got over 7% of the vote in West Virginia even though he dropped out 3 1/2 months ago, it would be foolish to think that his endorsement wouldn't have any impact.
The exit polling numbers look odd to me, at least for Iowa. Delegate split was 38%/30%/29% Obama/Clinton/Edwards, yet Edwards pulls 18% of the sub-$50Ks, and 25% of the over-$50Ks?
That would put Edwards at 21-22% of Iowan caucus-goers, and that doesn't reflect actual results. (I'm guessing the median income in Iowa is below $50K, which is why I didn't simply split the difference.)
The entrance poll had Obama 35, Clinton 27, Edwards 23 http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/primaries/results/epolls/#IADEM
Might the residual Appalachian resentment against Obama (a stand-in for blacks) be because these are Confederate states? Historically, that makes sense comparing the differences between white working class Southeast versus the Pacific Northwest.
I'd doubt that--the Appalachian region leaned towards the North in the Civil War, since its economy was based on supplying the Rust Belt with coal. West Virginia actually seceded for just that reason, to stay with the North.
Personally, I find Poblano's explanation for why Obama is underperforming in rural Appalachia compelling: Clinton is overperforming there. That's easy enough to explain, as Bill's rural Arkansas roots give the couple "cultural credentials" in Appalachia as well as the Ozarks.
That and Obama does better with college educated voters, and Appalachia trails the rest of the country in rates of higher education by large margins.
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